Hammer, International J of Science Ed (1994)

Students' beliefs about conceptual knowledge in introductory physics

D. Hammer, International Journal of Science, 16(4), p 385-403 (1994). (link to journal)

Abstract: This paper describes a distinction between two ways in which students' may see the role of conceptual knowledge in introductory physics. Concepts is a belief that conceptual knowledge constitutes the core of physics understanding; Apparent Concepts is a belief that the associations between conceptual knowledge and physics are apparent but not essential. Excerpts from interviews of two subjects illustrate this distinction in a range of interviewing activities and show its relevance for understanding students' work in an introductory physics course.

Hammer, Cognition and Instruction (1994)

Epistemological beliefs in introductory physics

D. Hammer, Cognition and Instruction, 12(2), p 151-183 (1994). (link to journal)

Abstract: Students' beliefs about knowledge and learning in a domain may have a significant effect on how they approach the material and what they learn. This paper describes a study of such "epistemological beliefs" in the context of an introductory physics course. I interviewed six students, meeting several times with each over one semester. The interviews involved a variety of conversations and tasks closely tied to the course.

Through the development and use of an analytic framework, it was possible to characterize subject's beliefs. The framework consisted of three dimensions:

1) beliefs about the structure of physics knowledge, as a collection of isolated pieces or as a single coherent system;

2) beliefs about the content of physics knowledge, as formulas or as concepts that underlie the formulas;

3) beliefs about learning physics, whether it means receiving information or involves an active process of reconstructing one's understanding.

The characterizations satisfied criteria of evident involvement in the subjects' work in the course and of consistency, across interviewing tasks as well as across physics content. That it was possible to construct such characterizations in individual case studies supports the validity of epistemological beliefs as a theoretical perspective by which to understand student reasoning.

Redish, Am J Phys (1994)

Implications of Cognitive Studies for Teaching Physics

E. F. Redish, Am J Phys, 62, 796-803 (1994). (html version)